2014年考研日语作文解析—作文出题规律解析

第一篇：2014年考研日语作文解析—作文出题规律解析

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2014年考研日语作文解析—作文出题规律解析

虽然作文试题要求考生“应能写出不同类型的文章，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告以及议论文、记叙文、说明文等等”，但纵观历年的作文考题，不难发现作文试题的出题形式都是议论文、感想文的形式。掌握好作文出题规律，当然就能更好地写出高分作文。下面，就由明王道为大家分析作文试题的出题规律。

1.作文试题的试题形式

目前作文试题主要有两种试题形式：

（1）“命题作文”（2005,、2006年、2012述自己的观点和感想【命题作文可以细分为题目给定（例如：「），题材给定（例如：「いちばん感謝したい人」）和立意给定。（2）“提示作文”（2004年、2007年、20082013，定，基本采用的都是提示作文

2.作文试题的写作体裁

记叙文、描写文、说和议论文，但文章（9篇，占

它不同于记述文以辑性。全国硕士研究生统一考试作为高层次的日语水

3.近10年作文试题中，关注社会和校园热点问题的题材较多，其中社会话题有5篇，分别是防灾减灾（2004年）、女性如何处理事业与家庭之间的关系（2009年）、垃圾分类（2010）、网络购物（2011年）、宠物饲养（2013年），占50%；校园话题有3篇，分别是大学毕业后的去向（2006年）、如何处理打工与学习的关系（2008年）、比赛与声援（2012年），占30%；人生哲理话题有2篇，分别是最想感谢的人（2005年）、如何与人交往（2007年），占20%。

作文测试的难易度与考生对该话题的认知熟悉度呈显著正相关。也就是说，根据我们熟

考研日语专家，免费资料、免费咨询，详情见官网，或QQ群110942030，有问必答哦

悉的信息给出的作文题目，比根据我们不熟悉的信息给出的作文题目要容易写一些。认知熟悉度包括对话题的了解程度和对写作内容的可预测程度。话题越不熟悉，写作内容的可预测性就越低，写作时对注意力的要求就越高，考生认知负担就越重，写作也会越复杂；反之，对话题越熟悉，认知负担越轻，写作任务也就越简单。从近10年日语作文试题的反馈情况来看，2004年的作文题目“防灾减灾”认知熟悉度较差，应试者作文平均得分最低，而2009年的作文题目“女性如何处理事业和家庭的关系”认知熟悉度较好，应试者作文平均分最高。这也再次验证了应试者的认知熟悉度与作文测试难易度之间的关系。

很多同学在临考前喜欢押题，题了，年的命题规律来看，、看了这些分析，

第二篇：2014年考研日语作文解析—作文写作常见问题分析

考研日语专家，免费资料、免费咨询，详情见官网，或QQ群110942030，有问必答哦

2014年考研日语作文解析—作文写作常见问题分析

前面分析了考研日语作文的评分规则和出题规律，这一次，明王道为大家分析一下考生写作过程中常见的问题。看一看你是否能对的上号呢？查缺补漏，改正自己常犯的错误，那么离高分作文就更近了一步。下面，就来看看大家写作过程中常常出现的5个问题：

1.审题不准确

犹豫考试中时间有限，加之作文是试题的最后一部分，所以经常有考生留给作文写作的时间不足，结果是匆忙审题，不加思考，占卷面分数四分之一作文写作部分留出充裕时间。写作文时应该遵循

2.不会使用接续词

准确使用接续词，衔接是作文写作过程中最容易出现的问题之一。

3.用词不当

比较容易出现的问题是：（1），应该是“都会生活に憧れる”而不是“”；，应该是“公園を散歩する”而不是“公園で散歩する”。

2）比如“妈妈的个子不太高”，应该说成“母は背があまり”

（国家”，就写成“”，日语中虽然有“発達”一词，但是用法与含义与汉语有一定的区别。这句话用日语表达一般表达为“日本は経済力のある国である”。

（4）“文体”混乱

近几年的作文题目考试对“体”有所要求，要求用“だ・である”体进行写作。这虽然规避了一些考生摆脱了不知道用什么体写作的困境，但是需要注意“だ・である”体的表达方式和节句方式，尤其要注意不要将书面体的“だ・である”体和礼貌体的”です・ます”体

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混用，这也是作文写作中最常出现的错误之一。

（5）字迹潦草

作文是最后一题，作文应至少留出30-45分钟来写。在写之前先要列个大纲，把关键句想好。这样再往稿纸上写，才不会有大的涂改。很多同学没有这个习惯，直接往稿纸上写，出现了错误就涂涂抹抹，非常影响卷面。还有的同学最后只剩二十分钟甚至更短的时间，慌乱之余，笔走龙蛇，字都成了草体，这样的笔迹，自然不会给阅卷老师留下好的影响。因此，空出足够时间，稳稳当当下笔，也是关键。

第三篇：考研英语作文解析

英语强化写作 背诵句

1.Just as an old Chinese proverb says，...Aspire to inspire until I expire 就像一句中国谚语：生命不息 奋斗不止

2.simple as the picture is，the symbolic meaning behind it is as deep as ocean.尽管图画很简单，寓意却非常深刻

3.with current state of affarrs so sorry，it is high time that we took effective initiatives to put the situation on hold 情况是如此令人遗憾，是马上采取措施控制的时候了。

4.It is imperative that corresponding laws and regulations be introduced and enforced to curb and harness this urgent problem.我们必须制定并执行一些法律来解决这个问题 5.在中国，文化交流现象是最明显的In no country other than China，it has been said that，is the phenomenon of cultural integration more obvious 6.在报纸上有幅图画引起了人们广泛关注.There has been a heated discussion about this picture in the newspaper.7.教育在当下是最重要的.Never in any era of our nation have the stakes involving education been higher than now.关于内容

考研英语写作常考话题（98-15）

一、成功品质（16创新）：03、04、07、08、12、13、二、社会道德：98、01、05、11、14、三、科技环境：99、00、09、15、四、文化交流：02、06、10、关于形式

分三段

1.二到三句 30—60字 2.四到九句100—200字 3.二到三句 40—60字 关于语言

一、句式正确 复杂多变

五种方法：1.加形容词 副词 2.加同位语3.加介词短语（作状语）4.加定语5.将两个句子写成一个句子 万能状语 1.时间状语：

...in the time of knowledge explosion when news，facts，opinions and even rumors have been bombarding us from every corner of the world.2.地点状语：，in China，a nation with huge population striving to assert itself after decades solid economic growth.3.be it A or B.无论A或B the road to the victory may not be so long as we expected，but we have no right to count upon this.Be it long or short，rough or smooth，we mean to reach our journey's end.4.状语结尾

traffic and pollution from vehicles have become huge problems，both in cities and on motor ways 5.状语开头（增强句子间衔接）

to do this、to become successful、by doing so、obviously、in many ways、in some cases、Unfortunately、Surely、Specifically、Undeniably（不可否认的是）

二、用词多样（P121、P126）动词

（一）正能量动词：enhance.promote improve facilitate stimulate upgrade boost enrich generate（提升）reinforce strengthen consolidate hone sharpen intensify（加强）cultivate foster nurture（培养）perform conduct implement（执行）formulate introduce（制定）value treasure cherish（珍惜）harness combat address solve tackle curb（解决）optimise（优化）

（二）负能量动词

erode 侵蚀 exhaust 耗尽 undermine 破坏jeopardize危害 degrade下降 ruin毁灭 stifle使窒息、扼杀 violate 破坏 spoil 溺爱 breach 破坏友谊

corrupt 破坏 distort 歪曲 aggravate 恶化hinder impede obtruct阻碍 考研英语各段要求 第一段.描述图画 第二段.阐释寓意

第三段.给出评论或例子

第一段第一句的写法：图画描述句KK三部法 目的：1.展示语言能力（完全倒装、非谓语动词、独立主格、定语从句）2.为主题而描述（描述为主题服务）

例子：As is shown above，on the thick pile of papers，proudly stands an old professor，seeming satisfied with his success in academic research，neglectingthe demand of students.As is shown above，in the river dangerously floats a paper boat，symbolizing the moral training，containingsone bread and fruit，which is symbolic of food safety

As is shown above，in the middle of the picture.and on the computer screen stands a so-called famous and influential star，hawking a medicine，boasting its magic function and exaggerating that it can cure all disease，with a caption reading that celebrity endorsement.As is shown above，in the middle of the pucture walks a man，failing to detect water for several times due to lack of adequat effect to dig a deep enough well.As s shown above in the middle of the picture stands a college student，carrying a desk，holding a pen，which symbolizes that he is occupying a seat in the reading room of hisself 第二句的写法：图画影响句（引起人们关注）关注的写法

1.Reportedly，the great concern among the public has been aroused by this picture.2.The topic illustrated in the picture will make good copy in the newspaper.3.This picture has stimulated a heated discussion on the wechat，the most influential social network，these days.第三句的写法：图画的意义（深刻）P53页常用末句句式

This picture carries a profound message that demands our devoted attention and instant action.第二段的写法（展开）：

段落展开的方法：1.科学论据法 2.举例法 3.虚拟语气法

科学论据法：

根据一项调查表明...according to a survey......according to one of the latest surveys conducted by a certain international organization.....according to the lastest survey，money spet on the pets in the city if Beijing is as much as 1.73 billion dollars，which can feed all the Japanese in the world for a whole year 钱花费数量

money spend on sth is as much as....money spend on sth has reached as much as...money earned/collected/raised is as much as....举例法：举例句型➕万能例子 1.（），for example，（）

2.Our society has been filled with a variety of examples concerning（主题），with the following one being the foremost.3.Among all the touching facts relating to（主题）that I have heard，noticed and experienced，the most impressive one is（例子）

4.Sb（个人信息）tells with his life story that（观点）

5.Sb/Sth（个人信息）serves as a shining and fitting example

6.Having been brutally imprisoned for 27 years for his unwavering belief in human equailty，Nelson Mandela，a giant and a great hero，one of the most inspiring examples of strong will，who finally transforms his mother nation into an open society，tells with his life story that the fortitude in the face of adversity and the perseverance on your dream，however，whanever and wherever are the golden rules to the success.7.Google，the star Internet company attaining a string of prominent feats with some unrivalled products serves as a shining and fitting example.It is the adventure spirit that helps this firm create enormous value to both its shareholders and the general public.put it the other way around，it is impossible that a Google without the creative spirit can ever achieve these phenomenal deeds.虚拟语气法（表明观点）

Were there no sth,sb would not do sth.Were this trend to continue as it is,we would pay the high price,our future generations would not bother to think of excuses for us.希望工程（练习）

1.our society has been failed with a variety of examples.concerning love，with the hope project being the foremost 2.In the west of china exist some families,being so poor that hardly can they support their children's education 3.Pathetic as they are,people from all walks of life provide them with not only financial aids,material support but also mental comfort,which is well known as the Hope project.4.Money raised by the project ,according to the latest surgey,has reached as much as 16.8 billion,which can⋯⋯

5.Were there no such precious help,those children would never taste the knowledge or receive education and be vulnerable to control and exploitation due to lack of ability to understand other's ideas and to defend their own opinions.第三段的写法（给出评论）正面话题：

第一句：取其精华（absorb the essence and neglect the drawbacks）

It is imperative that the essence be absorbed and drawbacks be neglected during this process especially in the times of globalization.第二句：提升意识

The general public are supposed to enhance and promote their awareness that ➕主题观点 第三句：多角度考虑

In view of the importance and complexity of such a phenomenon，we must treat it socially，economically and culturally.第四句：展望未来

only in a reasonable，prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which people can enjoy their life to the uttermost 负面话题

第一句：情况危急（背诵句3）第二句：建议（句群）1.制定法律（背诵句4）

2.专家想办法：researchers，scholars and experts in the relating areas are expected to work out or optimise up-to-date solutions to this problem 3.提升意识（正面第二句）4.多角度考虑（正面第三句）第三句：展望

with the proper law,prompt proposal,alert public and approriate perspective，it will only be a matter of time before the problem becomes things of the past.p63 第二段的全面展开

the past decade has witnessed a huge development in economy owing to some policy being carried out——the sunshine,bringing the shadow at the same time——the damage to the environment 第一句：论点提出句

万能论点：主题很重要/很有害 第二句：强调论点句

第三句：公众态度句（重视/不重视）第四句：强调公众态度句

第五句：展开（句群）1.科学论据法2.举例法3.平行展开法 P55 最后一句：结尾句1.虚拟语气法 2.利弊句型P62 第一句的写法：

the picture tells us that…… the picture demonstrates that⋯⋯ the picture does reveals that⋯⋯

1.this human quality is part and parcel to the social development of our nation and its absence will inevitably inflict great losses on us.2.the environment preservation is in the best interests of the whole society.3.the education plays a pivotal role in individual growth and success 4.they cultural integration has become an indispensable part of our lives and it has been exerting

profound influence on the way we live,work play and learn 5.this great character,doubtless,is the steel that forges the supporting structure of this society,which will not be able to grow steady if this invaluable asset is ever neglected in any possible manner.6.主题has become indispensable to the health of the economy,the stability of the polity and the pursuit of private happiness 7.the picture demonstrates us that,young students tend to find traditional schooling unmotivating or even frustrating 8.the picture reflects that curbin food safety problem with morality education is neither attractive nor productive.第二句的写法：

1.indeed 2.it is also universally acknowledgeed 3.that…4.just as sb once said 5.furthermore 6.put it mildly 7.put it strong 8.that is to say 9.in other words 第三句写法 the public the individuals,organizationsandgovernments＋p55重视和不重视的表达P127背诵 P155背诵 P58 背诵

we have been fully informed that smoking may bring various hazards，but we are still lack of sufficient awareness of necessity of banning smoking in public area 语言的进一步提升

1.more than ＋名词 表示对肯定的强调 this is more than a challenge Internet is more than a form to get information,but an instructive mode of entertainment as well 2.far from being 对否定的强调

this is far from being a challenge 远不是一个挑战

china is far from being a leading nation of world economy 3.Contrary to a popular assumption contrary to a common belief,＋观点

contrary to a common belief,environmental preservation should have priority over economic growth.4.双重否定的使用

it is not unrealistic that job satisfaction ,a crucial indicator of employees' sense of well-being,can be promoted in any kind of job these days,it is not uncommon that many graduates will elect being a civil servant as their top choice when hunting a job for many clear advantages(e.g.,secured position,stable income or better social welfare)

5.not surprisingly（肯定）,＋结论 6.anything but 否定 nothing but 肯定 7.be 动词 被替换成被动态

Internet is a form of entertainment.Internet is well received as a form of entertainment Internet has been well received as…… be well considered as be well seen as be well deemed as be well regarded as

Rinascimento（意）Renaissance（英）文艺复兴 Leonardo Da Vinci达芬奇 P170 背诵

8.not the least 最高级

Not the least of the factors that make for success in any field of endeavor is……在任何领域中取得成功最重要的因素是…… 9.并列动词的使用

physical exercise can shield us from damaging effects brought by sedentary life style,and stressful working conditions and prevent us from collapsing in front of a screen every night 10.连接三个以上动词

do A,doing B and thus doing C 11.not only ……but also……连接动词

not only will they accumulate their wealth,but they also will fit into the society.12.连接三个以上名词的方法

not only A,but also B,and such benefits(problems)as C and D 13.in terms of.就什么而言

主题 will give them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of student life 14.Admittedly(可承认的)…….Nevertheless（但是）……

Admittedly,as a source of entertainment,advertisements are very popular among children.Nevertheless, they may give young viewers some misleading impression 15.sth is not restricted to ……,but is also evident among.The benefits of being independent are not restricted to improving one's academic performance,but are also evident among promoting one's energy,enthusiasm and charm.16.加强句间的连接

indisputably.undeniable.it is true that.it is apparent that.it is obvious that.it is clear that.Clearly.there is no doubt that.more importantly.in addition.it may be tempting to argue that.admittedly.by that I mean.in fact.it seems that.more precisely.specifically.it is true that.第三段的补充

1.如果题干要求举例,则必须举例,可以在第二段也可以在第三段，但是最好在第三段。举例后可以再加评论，评论可以借用平行展开法语料。举例可以只举例不展开。2.没有要求举例时也可以举例，评论也可以借用第二段语料。

numerous cases exist to illustrate this point.take sb for example,for 主题,sb could not have done sth,let alone doing sth take sb for example,(without 主题)×3，how can sb do sth? 3.instances like Steven Jobs, Elon Musk,and Mark Elliot Zuckerberg could be easily multiplied,but these will suffice to show that(intense interest plus persistent effort is primarily essential to the highest success in any sphere of human activity.)(结论)范文:P79 图画作文练习网站newscartoon 中国新闻漫画网。图表作文的写作方法：

三段话，第一段 引入：描述图表

第二段 论述：阐释原因

第三段 呼应 第一段的写法：

第一句：描述图表句

pie chart饼状图.bar chart.柱状图 line chart.线状图 table chart 表格

（一）静态图：无时间变化的图

点出主题＋具体描述

The pie chart shows that there four main causes of farmland becoming degraded in the world today.A makes up 34%.51%stands for B.9% refers to C.6% is defined as D 关注单复数问题 抓住主要部分。

Globally,65%of degradation is caused by too much animal grazing and tree clearance,constituting 35% and 30% respectively.The total…is divided into four parts,with A and B making up _% totally

（二）动态图:有时间变化的图

点出主题（变化的）＋具体描述变化

As is shown above,the past decade has witnessed a great change that the private cars are playing the increasingly important role in people's means of transportation.积累上升和下降的表达方式 p68 The graph shows that the percentage of state-owned houses in a big city decreased considerably,dropping from 75% in 1999 to 25% in 2015,while the corresponding figures for private houses increased dramatically,rising from 25% to 75% over the same period.第二句：图表影响句，完全等同图画作文 第三句：图表意义句，等同图画作文

Isolated as the figures seem to be,as a matter of fact,they are connected to one another closely.Why do so many years youngsters elect pursuing master degree as their choice after graduation from the university? 第二段的写法: 因果句型P61＋列举原因:1.具体原因具体分析2.借用平行展开法 还可以使用举例法，科学论据法。第三段的写法完全等同图画作文 应用文（小作文）的写法

一、考察内容：书信、告示

二、评分的侧重点：

1.信息点的覆盖（仔细阅读题干要求）

2.语言正确即可，内容完整（100字写满，不要犯语法错误）3.格式

三、书信的格式

（一）称呼

Dear sir.Dear madam.Dear sir or madam.Dear friends 如果题干有要求，必须按要求写

（二）分段：开头空两格

（三）署名：按题干要求

告示的格式：P35题目首字母大写 一段两段皆可。

四、分类讲解 P4七字诀

（一）投诉信和建议信

投诉信：P7 必须背两三个 P4范文

建议信：可能和欢迎词一起考P13 注意去信回信区别

（二）道歉信和辞职信

道歉信 P17.辞职信 P19积累万能理由

（三）求职信和推荐信

推荐人、书、电影、歌（准备相关介绍）

如何夸奖一个人

聪明：Intelligent Ingenious Talent Gifted Have insightful opinions 勤奋：Diligent Industrious Hardworking

性格：Humorous.Amiable.Social Enthusiastic.Ready for help.Cooperative.Team spirit leadership

（四）祝贺信和邀请信

（五）咨询信和告示

P27最后一段 祝新年快乐凑字数 复习任务：

一、语料的积累

86个平行展开法➕笔记句子

每天背三个

二、结构的整理

九月开始写真题

第四篇：考研数学历年出题规律归纳总结

凯程考研辅导班，中国最权威的考研辅导机构

考研数学历年出题规律归纳总结

研数学是考研科目中的重要部分，2018年考生在考研数学复习之前把握好考研数学的出题规律可以有针对性地展开复习，本文整理了考研数学出题的六大规律供2018年考研的同学参考。

一、重视计算

计算能力可以说是现在考研的

第五篇：2013考研大纲解析考研作文怎么复习

2013考研大纲解析考研作文怎么复习

近期考研英语大纲已经发布，大家都知道考研大纲的变化除了增加60个词汇和删除了部分词汇外，还有一个变化就是在写作方面删除了写作A部分的摘要题型。有很多同学很担心删了摘要的写作会不会影响到复习。其实大家大可不必担心。摘要部分的写作历年来考的并不多。而且删除了摘要的写作或许对大家来说是一件好事。大家以后的复习就可以专攻应用文了。

关于写作，大家从历年考研英语范文就能了解到大致的题型，以话题为主，贴近生活。比如说考研1号《写作160篇》中的范文，大家可以从其中了解到考研英语作文可能涵盖的考点。有的同学为了在考场上把作文发挥好，很早以前就下大力气背了很多范文，结果进了考场却发现完全无从应用，不知道怎样写，写些什么，不知道如何应用平时背的那些经典例句，结果导致写作直接败北。也有的同学自信满满，充分相信自己的临场发挥能力和语言应用能力，到了考场，发现要求写的文章正好是自己所擅长的，于是大喜过望，在内容上大肆展开，充分发挥了自己丰富的想象力，结果却偏离了正轨，跑题了，或写了很多与题干要求不相干的内容，得了不应该得的分数。这两类同学都是输在了写作技巧上。要想应对写作，光有好的英文基础还是不够的，要想拿高分，必须先掌握如下技巧，我在这里就大作文的写作给大家支支招。

一篇好作文应该是紧扣文章主题，遵循特定的文体格式，选用恰当的语言合理组织文章结构，内容统一、连贯，语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当。对于考研英语大作文，需要多搜集一下关于社会、生活、个人拼搏与人际关系等方面的敏感题材。英语一的作文题目重视学术、观念，具有一定的抽象性，英语二的题目重视数据和调查，和现实热点联系紧密。同学们要想在考场上知道写什么，就要在平时多读各类刊物报纸，关注时事，关注热点话题，积累素材。有的同学会说，我平时很注意时事的关注，为什么一看到作文题目还是感觉到无从下笔呢？因为在考场上，人的大脑会出现暂时的短路，看到作文题目的一刹那，你需要做的事情是深呼吸一口气，闭上眼睛，把你看到的作文题目和提示在大脑里迅速过一遍，把所有能和这个话题联系到的中英文短语或是句子第一时间快速地记在白纸上，不用梳理，这就是你的第一手作文素材。完成了这一步，你的作文基本上不用担心没有内容可写了。

接下来要做的工作就是梳理你的素材。这时候可以充分发挥你以前背过的句式、短语、名人名言和谚语等，把你要写的内容和这些句式做一下配对。看看什么内容配合什么句式来写比较恰当。磨刀不误砍柴工，完成第二步的时候你基本已经胸有成竹了。

第三个步骤当然就是调动一切力量，充分发挥自己的语言功底了。因为考研英语写作是议论文，所以我们在表述客观事实的时候要巧用被动语态，巧用各种谚语。如果万一想不出来合适的谚语，还可以根据谚语的特点进行自行创造。各种平时背过的词组和固定短语也可以充分调用过来为你的作文增光添彩。

考研英语写作如果要拿高分的话，考前临时抱佛脚和光背几个模版等这样的做法都是行不通的。写作是一个人综合能力的体现，高分考研英语作文要靠平时的积累和练习，所以大家不要怕麻烦，多看些话题类的范文，被一些典型句和经典范文，最主要的就是要联系写，坚持写，这样作文才真正有可能会提高。