第一篇：adwuetn英_语四级高频词组
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一个人总要走陌生的路，看陌生的风景，听陌生的歌，然后在某个不经意的瞬间，你会发现，原本费尽心机想要忘记的事情真的就这么忘记了..1．随着经济的快速发展with the rapid development of economy
2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard
3．先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4．面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5．人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that„
6．社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
7．引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
8．不可否认 It is undeniable that„/ There is no denying that„
9．热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate
10.有争议性的问题 a controversial issue
11．完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
12．一些人 „而另外一些人 „ Some people„ while others„
13.就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,14．就„达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on„
15．有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
16．双方的论点 argument on both sides
17．发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in„
18．对„必不可少 be indispensable to „
19．正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:
20．„也不例外 „be no exception
21．对„产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on„
22．利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23．导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24．复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25．责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26.竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27.开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
28．学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29．经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30．考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31.从另一个角度 from another perspective
32．做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33.对„有益 be beneficial / conducive to„
34．为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
35．打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for„
36．综合素质 comprehensive quality
37．无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach
39．致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to„
40.应当承认 Admittedly,41．不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
42.满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of„
43．可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
44．宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
45．因特网 the Internet（一定要由冠词，字母I 大写）
46．方便快捷 convenient and efficient
47．在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
48．环保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly
49．社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
50．科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51．对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
52．支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion
53．有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54．在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
55.理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
56.„必然趋势 an irresistible trend of„
57．日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
58．眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
59．长远利益.interest in the long run
60．„有其自身的优缺点 „ has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61．扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62．取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs.63．对„有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
64．交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
65．跟上„的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with
the latest development of …
66．采取有效措施来„ take effective measures to do sth.67．„的健康发展 the healthy development of „
68．有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides.No garden without weeds.69．对„观点因人而异 Views on „vary from person to person.70．重视 attach great importance to„
71．社会地位 social status
72．把时间和精力放在„上 focus time and energy on„
73．扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
74．身心两方面 both physically and mentally
75．有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to„
76.提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
77.可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that
78．缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden
79．优先考虑/发展„ give(top)priority to sth.80．与„比较 compared with„/ in comparison with
81.相反 in contrast / on the contrary.82．代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
83．经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
84．提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
85.社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress
86．毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that„
87．增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding
88．充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of
89．承受更大的工作压力 suffer from heavier work pressure
90．保障社会的稳定和繁荣 guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society
91．更多地强调 put more emphasis on„
92．适应社会发展 adapt oneself to the development of society
93．实现梦想 realize one’s dream/ make one’s dream come true
94.主要理由列举如下 The main reasons are listed as follows:
95.首先 First，Firstly，In the first place, To begin with
96．其次 Second, Secondly, In the second place
97.再次 Besides，In addition, Additionally, Moreover, Furthermore
98.最后 Finally, Last but not the least, Above all, Lastly,99.总而言之 All in all, To sum up, In summary, In a word,100．我们还有很长的路要走 We still have a long way to go
第二篇：aegyysl英_语四级作文
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!_ 一个人总要走陌生的路，看陌生的风景，听陌生的歌，然后在某个不经意的瞬间，你会发现，原本费尽心机想要忘记的事情真的就这么忘记了..英语四级作文范文
写作的重要性 6分最低限，只要结构不出错，得分应该为9分。评判作文
四级考试作文主要看内容、结构、语言三个方面。
内容不跑题即可，注意：1.不要妄图以情动人；2.不要妄图在构思上出奇制胜。结构上牢记总分总：先写主题句(Topic Sentence)，再写分论点，最后写总结句(Conclusion)。
语言最重要，往往使评分产生重大差异，语言要模仿和包装。基本表达
人们认为：it is generally/ widely believed/ held/ agreed that 越来越：be increasingly + adj., be on the rise, the growing number of 万能理由（Omnipotence）
1.方便：convenient/ convenience 2.效率：efficient/ efficiently/ efficiency 3.节省和浪费：save time/ money/ space;economical, thrift waste time/ money/ space;costly, lavish 4.人的心理健康：independent, cooperative, competitive, considerate, confident, creative, sociable, perseverance;selfish, isolated, conserative 5.人的身体健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic 6.娱乐：colorful, pleasure,joy, recreation, entertainmentm, relax tired, boring, lonely 7.环境：environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty 8.安全和危险：safe, danger, risk 9.经验：experience, social experience, enter the society 10.人际：humane, fair, unfair, help, assist, freedom, freely 写完之后修改注意：（内容方面尽量不要修改）
1、字母大小写
2、怪符号
3、单词拼写
4、主谓一致
5、动词时态
6、名词单复数 实例一
题目：Bicycles――An Important Means of Transport in China提纲：（1）为什么自行车在中国这样普及（2）和汽车的比较（3）自行车在中国的前途 Score: 8 Bicycle is an important means of transport in China.The important reason of it is the economy of Chinese.The use of bicycle in China is widely because people in China have not high wage.They can only afford a bicycle, and they have no money to buy a car which is too expensive.So Chinese usually buy a bicycle, and use it to go to work, or go to travel and so on.The other reason is the large population of China.All these made the bicycle become the important means of transport.The bicycle, compared to the car, is not too expensive and it is easy to learn and to use and it can save the surface of putting it.It doesn’t ask to build the garage like car.This point is very important to China, because of the lack of land.It isn’t too expensive, so Chinese can afford it.It doesn’t need any oil, and it can’t cause the polusion.All of these are the good needs compared to the car.In the future, bicycle will be widely used.And it will be in good demand.People will produce much more modern bicycles.Score: 14 Bicycles are very popular in China.Almost every family in the city has two or three bicycles.During the rush hour, you can see that thousands of people--man and woman, old and young--ride their bicycles to work and study.That is why China is called “the kingdom of bicycles”.注：1.第一句总写，第二句和第三句分写，最后总写。2.During the rush hour 分词结构开头。3.破折号内容为同位语,句式多变化。
Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in many ways.First, they are cheap, convenient and easy to ride.Second, riding bicycle is good for health.Third, they bring no noise nor air pollution.Though cars are faster and more comfortable, they are too expensive.They consume plenty of oil and they pollute the air.Sometimes, it is difficult for a driver to park his car.Moreover they often cause traffic jams and accidents.注：1.Compared with cars 分词结构开头。
2.be superior to/ be inferior to 优于/ 低于
3.thirst, second, third 英语语言有层次感，信号词 4.cheap 便宜，最好用inexpensive 5.be good for health 对健康有好处（万能理由）6.Moreover 表示递进
In my opinion, the future of bicycle is very promising.Since China is a developing country and has a large population, I think, riding bicycle is appropriate to Chinese present conditions.It will be an important means of transportation for quite a long time.注：promising 有前途的 a promising young man Score: 11 There millions of bicycles in today’s China.Bicycles are very important means of transport in people’s daily lives.Because to ride a bicycle is very simple, to buy a bicycle will not cost so much money, to park a bicycle needs just a small room and to ride a bicycle does not need oil but the rider’s strength, bicycles are popular all over the world, especially in China.注：第一句应该用there be结构
Compared with a car, a bicycle is much cheaper.It is more suitable for China as a developing country.And a bicycle has almost caused no pollution but a car has.On the contrary, a bicycle is too slow, it costs more times than a car.I think the population of China’s bicycle will be kept for the long run.Because it will be replaced by a car, a bus and so on in some developed areas in China, and it will be made a wide use in the developing areas in China, the number of bicycles in China will be the same as today but I believe that it’s quality will be improved.I、对比观点选择题：1.有人认为„„； 2.另外一些人认为„„； 3.谈谈你的观点和看法。（最好写成4段）实例二 99年6月真题
Reading Selectively Or Extensively? Outline: 1.有人认为读书要有选择2.有人认为应当博览群书 3.我的想法
How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view.Some people think we should read selectively.They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published.It is impossible for us to read all the books.What’s more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldn’t read them.Since we can’t read all the books and we shouldn’t read bad books, we must read selectively.But others may not agree, they emphasize that today's society is not what it was.If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed.If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless.Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively.Who’s right? I think both of them have something right.But I think we should read extensively first.We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field.典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构：
（启）Paragraph I：（1）引出将要评论的事物或者是观点；（2）简明扼要的提出人们在这个问题上的两种不同看法。Score: 14分
How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view.（启）
注：第一句提出问题，第二句提出两种见解 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构：
（承）Paragraph II：（1）提出一种观点或优点；（2）本段的支持性分论点；（3）本段总结（可以省略）。
Some people think we should read selectively.They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published.It is impossible for us to read all the books.What’s more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldn’t read them.Since we can’t read all the books and we shouldn’t read bad books, we must read selectively.（承）注：1.本段总分总结构
2.they argue that = they think that 3.with the development of...随着„„的发展 4.what's more 递进关系，moreover 5.bad = pornographic 色情的 & violent 暴力的 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构：（转）Paragraph III：（1）承上启下的过渡句；（2）提出另一种观点或缺点；（3）本段的支持性分论点（4）本段总（可以省略）。
But others may not agree, they emphasize that today's society is not what it was.If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed.If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless.Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively.（转）注：1.But 转折词（信号词）
2.they emphasize that = they think that 3.today's society is not what it was 现代社会今昔非比 4.许多知识 a wide range of knowledge/ a large scope of knowledge/ much knowledge；
获取知识 acquire/ get knowledge 5.knows nothing→little；he may be useless→he may not be of great use to the society 后者比前者更委婉
典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构：（合）Paragraph IV：（1）平衡两种看法；（2）给出自己的观点。
Who’s right? I think both of them have something right.But I think we should read extensively first.We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field.（合）Score: 11分
When it comes to reading, some people think that reading selectively is a good way, but some other people do not agree with them, they think that reading extensively is better.注：结构非常好，可以套用。
Those people, who think that reading selectively is better, believe that good books are as many as bad books.Those good books can give us pleasure and knowledge, while those bad books can only lead us to the wrong way.So, they suggest that we should only choose the good books to read and never touch the bad books.注：1.“people, who...,”应去掉逗号，改为限制性定语从句。2.as many as bad books 改为 as many as bad ones 3.lead us to the wrong way 改为 lead sb.astray 4.they suggest that = they think that 5.touch 碰（闪光点词汇：如教材P7：shouldering the responsibility of doing sth.肩负起责任）
But, the other people, who hold that reading extensively is better, think that one kind of books can only give us one aspect of knowledge.Even the best book only contains one field of information.So, they can easily come to the conclusion that “to know more, to read more”.So they believe that reading extensively is better.注：1.hold 认为 同样表示“think”的词还有argue, emphasize, believe, suggest, claim, insist, maintain, agree, hold 2.the best book 在西方国家是“圣经”的意思 3.to know more, to read more 错误，中式英语
To my point, we should choose good books to read and read good books as many as possible.By this way, we can increase the quality and quantity of reading.范文22.Is Television a Blessing or a Curse? Now, it is generally accepted that television plays an important part in people’s lives.But, there is an ongoing heated discussion as to whether television is a blessing or a curse.注：it is generally accepted that 人们通常认为
As is often pointed out by some people, television keeps one better informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in politics and science, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and stimulating.The most distant countries, the strangest customs and the most attractive scenes of nature are brought right into one’s room.注：1.As is often pointed out by some people = Some people think that 2.“使„„”不用make，而用keep, allow, offer However, other people insist that television is a curse rather than a blessing.They argue that it has brought about many serious problems.The major one is its effects on young people.They are now so used to getting their information, education and entertainment from television that their literacy as well as physical ability has been greatly weakened.Even worse
than that, vulgar commercials and indecent programs may cultivate their bad tastes, distort their viewpoints towards human life to such a degree that their minds might be corrupted.In summary, television has both advantages and disadvantages.Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain, television in itself is neither good nor bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society.范文5.Travelling People who like travelling have their reasons.They maintain that travelling can help them expand their scope of knowledge, especially geographical and historical learning.They go on to point out that touring will provide more chance for them to enjoy food and try on clothes that they otherwise cannot possible have.注：geographical and historical 押尾韵，如：押头韵 clear & clean Those who dislike travelling have their reasons.They would argue that travelling means a considerable amount of money and energy.For example, traffic and accommodation require money and walking while seeing sights often tires you.In practice, travelling does more good than harm.If your finance and health permit, you might as well do some travelling from time to time.It will at least enable you to get familiar with people and things that you will probably grow to like and love.注：1.in practice = I think 2.does more good than harm 好处比坏处多，其他表达方法：be superior to/ inferior to 比如：the advantages are superior to the disadvantages 3.enable 使 范文1.Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test(CET).Some people argue that it is absolutely necessary to hold a test of spoken English in China because we have been informed frequently that a Chinese student who has been learning English for over ten years cannot even communicate with a native speaker.Sometimes even those top students who excel in grammar and writing skills find their English inadequate to express their thoughts freely.A test of English will bring the college students an awareness of the importance of oral English, and will thus help them with their communicating skills.使句子具有表现力的手段：
1、用形容词修饰名词；
2、副词修饰动词、副词修饰形容词
On the other hand, some others still maintain that a good command of reading and writing skills will be enough for the English learners.To some extent their opinion derives from the fact that students are already under considerable pressure from their opinion derives from the fact that students are already under considerable pressure from their coursework.Another required test will only add to their burden.Moreover, some students may take the shortcut by focusing on several guessed questions
according to the fixed format of the test, hoping for a coincidence to bring them good luck.In my opinion, a test of spoken English will do more good than harm.Since China will continue its policy of opening and reform, the ability to speak English fluently is a must for anyone who wants to surpass others in a highly competitive society.Whether I take the test or not, I shall spare no efforts to practice oral English in the remaining years of my college study.范文21.Should smoking be banned? Should smoking be banned? Answers to this question vary greatly.Some people are in favor of the idea of smoking.They always say that it can get rid of the tiredness and make them refreshed.And they also say that giving and being given cigarettes is a sign of friendship.Therefore, they carry cigarettes with them wherever they go.注：1.vary greatly 许多种2.be in favor of = agree/ be of the opinion that 3.get rid of the tiredness and make them refreshed 使人神清气爽
4.Giving and being given 给与被给。主、被动关系在英文中用现在、过去分词表达。
But other people consider it very harmful to people’s health.They have heard the official reports that one person in the world dies from smoking every second.And they have heard the doctor’s warning that smokers are more likely to have lung cancer and to increase their chances of having heart attack.In addition, smoking pollutes the air and may cause fire accidents.Thus it has become a major threat to people’s life and property.注：1.They have heard the official reports that...官方报告表明..2.be more likely to 更有可能，更容易3.chance 可能
There is some truth in both arguments, but human’s life and property outweighs anything else.If smoking brings us illness and death, why not have it banned by the government? Without cigarettes, can’t we come up with better ways to express our friendship and to make us refreshed?注：1.outweigh 比„„重要，同样的表达：be superior to/ be inferior to。overweight 超重2.最后用两句反问句结尾，非常精妙。课后作业 Private Cars 写成4段的首段写法：
In recent years, with fast economic growth, private cars have appeared in many families in China.People's attitude toward private cars varies widely.② With the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a private car.Yet, people's opinions of private cars vary from person to person/ public attitude toward it varies greatly/ widely./ is quite of the contrary./ differs sharply.③ In recent few years, the phenomenon/ issue/ problem of owning a private car has been brought to public attention/ in the limelight.People's views
on/ opinions of owing a private car vary widely.写成3段的首段写法：
With the development of modern society/ science and technology, / With the improvement of people's living standard, more and more people can own private cars.cars are entering ordinary families.the growing number of people/ people in ever increasing numbers can have access to private cars.(此句是引言)支持段的主题句：
Some people claim that/ As is pointed out that/ It is generally believed that/ It is widely accepted that, there are some advantages of owning a private car.There is no doubt that private cars benefit people hugely.支持段的分论点：
① 方便 First, private cars provide people with the most convenient form of transportation.② 舒适 Second, it is comfortable for people to travel in, especially in changeable weather/ raining days/ sand storm.③ 炫耀 Third, only a private car can show a person's social status/ achievement/ success/ prosperity in his or her career.否定段的主题句：① However(Nonetheless/ Nevertheless/ But), there are some disadvantages of owing a private car/ Every coin has two sides.② While enjoying the convenience that private cars bring us, we should not ignore the problem they create/ produce/ introduce/ make.③ Despite/ In spite of/ For all the advantages, they brings their own disadvantages/ problems/ negative effects ④ Like anything else, private cars also have their own weakness/ limits.⑤ However, private cars are not without shortcomings/ faults.⑥ Yet other speak of the problems private cars have brought.They complain that......⑦ However, private cars may also bring with it problems our society had not previously faced.⑧ Despite the increase in efficiency and convenience generated by private cars, the changes they bring could very well lead to potentially adverse consequences.否定段的分论点： ① 占有空间 On the one hand, private cars take up/ occupy too much space.② 交通事故 On the other hand, a driver should be careful/ cautious while driving, otherwise, car accidents are more likely to happen.③ 污染环境 What's more/In addition, private cars give off/ discharge/ release CO which pollute the environment/ air.注意：所谓上义词是指抽象、概括和笼统的，就是比较superordinate的词；而下义词就是具体的东西，即subordinate的东西。第四段（总结段）的写法：
① Despite all the disadvantages mentioned above, I still think that the advantages outweigh/ are greater than the disadvantages.As for the above problem, I'm sure they will be settled by the scientists in the future/ It is only a matter of time for the problems to be solved.② Unquestionably, the challenge of private cars means we all should consider how we can control them, so that they will not control us.③ Whether the private cars are a blessing or a curse is a difficult question to answer, yet the desire for the comfort and independence a private car can bring will not be elminated.④ Anyway/ Anyhow/ In any case, whether the effect is good or bad, one thing is certain: private cars have changed and will continue to change the way of our transportation, our leisure and our life.选择题型变体逻辑结构（My View on Sth.）选择性观点的变体的文章写作逻辑结构：
Paragraph I:（1）引出将要评论的事物或者是观点；（2）简明扼要的提出人们在这个问题上的两种不同看法。
Paragraph II:（1）提出作者观点（本文主题句）；
（2）举例加以论证。
Paragraph III:（1）总结全文（再次强调作者观点）范文17.My View on Fate There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of fate.Some people believe that everyone is born to a certain that he can not change, while some other people think that every man is the master of his own life.注：1.consensus 相同意见
2.第一句话可以套用，如范文18：There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of wealth.3.while 轻微转折和对比，强转折用词but, however 4.master 主人 As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion.There is a saying, “Everyone is the architect of his own future.” Which means one’s fate is decided in his own hands.In fact, no one is destined to a certain fate in his or her life.Those who claim that they were born to fail or be unlucky just can’t realize how much inner strength and ability they have.We must depend on ourselves to changes our lives and make us successful and happy.注：1.第一句as far as与I agree重复，把后半句改为the latter opinion seems more reasonable。
2.architect 建筑师，archor 弓箭手
3.In fact 前后是转折关系，之前从正面阐述，之后从反面阐述 范文17.My View on Fate（续）
Let’s take Helen Keller, an extraordinary American woman, for example.When she was only 19 months old, she became blind and deaf.Instead of accepting her misfortune helplessly, she showed great courage and unconquerable spirit in fighting against her destined fate and was awarded
the President’s Medal of Freedom in 1964 because of the achievements she had made for helping the blind, the deaf and the speechless.This story tells us that a wise man is always creating his own fate rather than waiting for good luck.注：1.本段开始举例
2.Let's take„„for example 中间是插入语，表示强调，举例不宜太长。
In conclusion, I believe that everyone is born equal and is the builder of his own fate We can have good fortune only if we take pains and work hard.We should bear the following saying in mind, “Every man is the master of his own fate.”
注：bear sth.in mind：把„„牢记在心 范文13.The Way to Success 第二段：Strong will, perseverance and diligence are the three essentials of success.A man of strong will and perseverance always has an inflexible spirit.He sticks to his cause no matter how tough it might be.Dr.Sun Yat-sen was such a man.Many of his attempts failed, but he held to his purpose with firmness and finally succeeded in overthrowing the Qing Dynasty.Diligence means steadiness in one’s work and study.Su Qin stabbed himself in order to keep attentive to studies.Marx often worked 15 hours a day.Life is short and we have many things to do.Without diligence no one can achieve anything.II、社会热点话题写作逻辑结构
Paragraph 1:(1)概括性的引出要评论的事物或观点（general）；
(2)具体描述这个事物或者观点（或者是我对这个现象/ 事物的基本看法specific）。
Paragraph 2:(1)作者对该现象货问题的基本看法，即文章的论点句；(2)支持性的细节分论点（至少两点）；(3)本段总结（可以省略）。
Paragraph 3:(1)总结全文，定下结论（通常为我的对策或看法）。四级作文试题2000年1月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance my College Education.You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below: 1.上大学的费用（tuition and fees）可以通过多多种途径解决。2.哪种途径适合我（说明理由）。How I Finance My College Education How I Finance My College Education 第一段：首先，应该是用一种描述性的语言引出讨论的重点：
Nowadays/ At present/ Currently/ These days/ Today, tuitions and fees for college students are 【more expensive】 much higher than ever before.How
to finance my college education has become a matter of concern.第二段：有多种的方法，例如：1.向父母;2.银行贷款 3.打工挣钱 第二段主题句：There are many ways to support my college education financially./ Ways to support my university study financially vary greatly/ are various.第二段分写：
In the first place, I can get/ gain/ obtain all the money from my parents.In the second place, I can apply for/ ask for a bank loan, especially set up/ established for college students/ undergraduates.What’s more, I can find a part time job to earn enough money.第三段：我所赞同的方法（阐述原因，为何不选其他的方法）。Personally/ As far as I’m concerned/ In my opinion/ From my point of view/ To my way of thinking/ As I see it, I prefer the bank loan for the following reasons.For one thing, my parents are not rich enough to afford me.For another, I will not have enough time and energy to study after finishing my part-time/ temporary/ odd jobs.In addition, I believe I can hunt a rewarding/ dream job after graduation, and then I will be able to pay off/ pay back/ return/ give back.Therefore /So /Hence,.....使文章富有表现力的手段：
1、使用有难度的词汇；
2、使用形容词修饰名词，用副词修饰动词或整个句子；
3、使用被动语态；
4、使用倒装句；(not only...but also...；only...)
5、尽可能地使用名词，而不是习惯中的动词和形容词。绿化我们的城市 第一段：
近年来，随着工商业的迅猛发展，许多大城市中树木的数量大幅度降低。人们作出各种努力防止树木被砍伐，但是，认识到绿化城市也同样重要。普通版
Recently, with the development of businesses and industries, more and more trees have disappeared in big cities.We have tried our best to prevent people from cutting trees.But, it is important to realize to make our cities green.润色版
In contemporary society, while our industries and businesses have experienced a(n)rapid/ fast/ amazing/ marked/ fantastic development, the number of trees in many large cities has declined/ decreased/ reduced sharply/ dramatically.Although remarkable efforts have been exerted to prevent more trees from being cut, the realization of making cities greener is still of great importance.注：区分industry 和 industrial 绿化我们的城市（续）
第二段：
绿化城市会带来很多好处。其一，绿化城市能够净化空气。科学研究已经证明树木通过吸收作用可以降低大气中碳化合物的含量。其二，它能够美化城市。到处是花草树木，我们会欣然地感到自己置身于美丽的花园中。最后，绿化城市能够带来大量木材，这是解决自然资源短缺的有效办法。普通版
There are many advantages in making cities greener.First, it makes our air clean.Scientific research has proved that trees can reduce a great amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through absorption.Second, it adds to the beauty of our cities.With trees and flowers everywhere, there is a pleasant feeling that we live in a beautiful garden and are closer to nature.Finally, it will bring us a lot of timber.And this is an effective way to solve the problem of lack of natural resources.润色版
What benefits can the program of making cities greener bring to us? First, the air will be cleaner.Scientific experiments have already proved that trees can reduce air pollution by producing a lot of oxygen.This will improve the quality of the urban environment.Second, our cities will look more beautiful.Just imagine the city which is full of trees and flowers.What an attractive garden it is!What’s more, by making cities greener, we can provide our industry with timber the precious natural resources.绿化我们的城市（续）第三段：
绿化城市需要全国人民共同努力，人们不仅要广泛认识到城市绿化对城市环境的贡献，还应该同心协力栽植更多的树木并保护它们不受商业使用的侵犯。普通版
Making cities greener requires people’s efforts all over the country.And people should not only realize that it is important to make cities greener for its contribution to urban environment, but also plant trees and protect them from being used in business.润色版
Making cities greener requires more than widespread awareness;it calls for an immediate commitment to planting more trees and growing more flowers.(Making cities greener requires the whole nation’s efforts.And not only should most people gain the awareness of the significant contribution of making cities greener to urban environment, but also make a commitment to the protection of more trees against business.)句型变化
A.(1)We can imagine the beautiful surroundings.(2)There are many trees along the streets.(3)There is a clean river in the city.(4)There are many fishes in the river.(5)There are willow trees on the one side.(6)There are some pieces of grassland on the other side.(7)There are many flowers on them.B.(1)Just imagine the beautiful surroundings if we have made our cities greener.(2)Green trees line the streets.(3)A clean river winds through the city, in which a lot of fishes abound.(4)On the one side stand rows of willow trees.(5)On the other side lies a stretch of grassland sprinkled with many yellow and red flowers.1.There be...1)a.There are fewer and fewer citizens who like to see films.b.Films are now losing their appeal for many citizens.2)a.There are many people who complain of severe housing shortages.b.Housing shortages become the source of great complaint.2.If 1)a.If you compare the two methods carefully, you will find the difference.b.Careful comparison of the two methods will show you the difference.2)a.If we only apply book knowledge, we will not get good result.b.The application of book knowledge alone will not bring you good result.3)a.If there is no pollution, man can certainly survive.b.Man can certainly survive in the world where there is no pollution.3.In order to 1)a.In order to prevent the problem becoming too serious to solve, we must take an immediate step.b.An immediate step must be taken before the problem becomes too serious to solve.2)a.In order to build a stable and prosperous nation, people should make new efforts.b.New efforts will bring...4.More and more 1)a.More and more people now prefer to stay at home and watch TV.b.People in ever increasing numbers prefer to stay at home and watch TV.2)a.More and more people who become more and more rich can afford a motorcycle.b.The growing number of people who become increasingly rich can now afford a motorcycle.3)a.More and more teenagers smoke cigarettes in recent years.b.Teenage smoking is on the rise/ increase/ decrease/ decline in recent years.4)a.More and more teachers are needed with the development of economy.b.There is an increasing demand for teachers with the development of economy.5)a.More and more trees have disappeared in the city.b.There is a sharp decline in the number of trees in the city.社会热点话题
写作练习：Jobs for Graduates 1)大学生难找工作 2)原因很多 3)解决的办法
With the fantastic development of modern society, people in ever increasing numbers have access to tertiary education（高等教育）.As a result, job-hunting is now becoming headache for most graduates.范文23：Nowadays, college graduates come to realize that it is not easy to get a rewarding job.Most/ Many of them can not get a job right after graduation.The job market for college students/ graduates is getting tighter and tighter.According to a survey, only 80% of college graduates of the class of 2002 found jobs the year they graduated, compared with 95% in 2000.Why do college graduates find it increasingly difficult to get jobs? 第二段细节论证 分析原因：
1、Among the most convincing/ important reasons given/ cited/ offered/ identified by people for this problem/ phenomenon, one should be stressed/ emphasized/ mentioned...2、One may regard/ see/ view/ think of the trend/ increase/ phenomenon as a sign of/ result of/ response to/ reaction to...3、The increase/ change/ failure/ success in...mainly/ largely/ partly results from/ arises from is due to/ owing to/ attributable to the fact that/ several factors...Several years ago, many students were enrolled in/ admitted to/ taken in/ matriculated popular major, so that the supply is superior to/ outweigh/ exceeds the demand.Many graduates are reluctant to work in the remote areas/ western provinces/ developing areas/ less developed country.Graduates without working experiences are now losing their appeal for many international cooperations, such as...国家制定法律法规 个人接受教育
III、图表题（table, bar graph, pie chart, line graph）图表题的写作逻辑结构：
Paragraph I:（1）概括描述图表：趋势描写；
（2）具体描述图表：必要数据支持（细节性）。Paragraph II:（1）提出自己理由和观点（本段主题句）；
（2）细节性分论点（主要是原因，用于支持自己的观点，至少两点）。
Paragraph III:（1）预测未来和提出解决方法；
（2）总结全文和表达作者自己观点 【标题】Changes in People’s Diet Directions: Write a three-paragraph composition to:
1.State the changes in people’s diet in the past five years.2.Give possible reasons for the changes.3.Draw your own conclusion.You should quote as few figures as possible.【短文】Changes in People’s Diet
In the past five years there have been many changes in people’s diet.Grain, as the main food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role, while the proportion of some high-energy foods, such as milk and meat, has increased.What has caused these changes? I think there are two reasons.First, people now have more money.The price of meat and milk is much higher than that of grain, so in the old days people couldn’t afford them.Now they have enough money to buy both meat and milk.Second, people nowadays pay more attention to the elements of their diet.They look for a well-balanced diet that will be good for their health.In short, there have been changes in people’s diet in the past five years because of financial and health reasons, and there will be further changes in the future 【修改版】
As can be seen from the table, the past five years has witnessed dramatic changes in people’s diet.Grain, as the staple food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role in their diet, while the consumption of high quality food such as meat, milk and fruit has greatly increased.There are two factors leading to the change.For one thing, people now enjoy a higher standard of living.In the old days few families could afford meat and milk every day, which often meant a big chunk of the family income.But now people have enough money to taste a rich verity of foods.For another, people of today attach more attention to nutrition.They are not merely content to fill the stomach.They are seeking the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health.In a word, with people’s standard of living getting higher and higher, changes in their diet will be more obvious and greater.图表题的适用句型：
1.As we can see from the chart/ graph/ table/ diagram,...2.The chart/ graph shows/ displays that...3.As can be shown in the table..., 4.The figures/ statistics in the chart reflect/ show/ reveal that..., 5.It is clear/ apparent from the chart/ table that...V、谚语格言题逻辑结构
Paragraph I：（1）点明要阐释的谚语或名言（general）；
（2）用自己的话解释这一谚语或名言的意思，有时有正反两面的逻（specific）。
Paragraph II：（1）作者对该谚语或名言的观点态度，即文章的论点句；
（2）支持性的细节分论点，举例子论证（至少两点，有时有正反两面的逻辑）；
Paragraph III：总结全文，定下结论（通常为阐明其现实或更深远意义）。Practice Makes Perfect Practice is the key to success in all fields of activity.It is practice alone which enables us to build up speed and efficiency.When we accomplish something perfectly without wasting effort, this is the result of long practice.【改写为】An English proverb says/ One of the greatest men once remarked/ Nearly every civilization has its own equivalent to the proverb: “Practice makes perfect”.It means that/ In other words, it is practice alone which enables us to build up speed and efficiency.When we accomplish something without wasting effort, this is the result of long practice.Practice Makes Perfect（续）Take the study of English for example.Only practice can enable us to spell words correctly and master the rules of grammar.And it is only through practice that we can become fluent in speaking and writing, there is no other way.Another good example is sports.Practice is the only way to become stronger and run faster.Besides, in team games practice is what improves our sense of cooperation and helps the team to win.【改写为】History/ Our society abounds with the examples of “Practice makes perfect”.......（正反两方面都举例子）On the other hand/ On the contrary, no practice will only lead us to failure.There is hardly/ scarcely a man who can achieve success without practice.All evidence points to/ justifies/ lends supports to the fact that practice is the key to success in all fields of activity.举例一般为：英语学习；体育锻炼
To sum up, there can be no achievement which is not based on a solid foundation of practice.【改写为】For us college students, the saying/ proverb has a profound and realistic significance: there can be no achievement which is not based on a solid foundation of practice 课后复习（self-study Program）
1、课堂讲解内容：体会用词艺术和丰富的句式
2、写作练习：2002年6月真题（Student Use of Computers）
3、记忆写作万能理由和基本表达
4、完型填空练习：完成Passage 1--Passage 3 做题步骤：
（1）通读全文，了解文章大意；
（2）初选答案（排除法、优选法）；
（3）寻找线索；
（4）回头补缺；
（5）核实答案。
图表题：2002年6月考题
Topic: Student Use of Computers(at least 150 words)
1、上图所示为1990、1995、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；
2、请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；
3、你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。2002年6月的图表题作文： As is shown by the bar graph, the average number of hours a student in a certain university spends on the computer per week increased dramatically over the period from 1990 to 2000.In 1990, it was less than two hours.And in 1995, it hit/ reach four hours.And in 2000, the number soared to（飞速上升）nearly twenty hours, which is over ten times than that of 1990.注：soared to/ boom/ shoot up/ rocket/ jump 飞速上升 climb 上升很慢 shrink 下降，缩水
第一段还有一种写法：„„In 1990, the number was less than 2 hours, while the figure hit 4 hours（或者这样写：while in 1995,）as compared with that of 1990, it had almost doubled.And what impress us most is that the figure soared to..., which„
Obviously computers are becoming increasingly popular for males and for females.A multitude of factors could account for the rise.In the first place, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life.Also, the rapid development of the internet enlarges our demands for using computers.We can easily contact friends in remote places through the internet.In the second place, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enable more students to purchase them.However, there still exist some problems, such as, poor quality, out-of-date designs and so on.And how to balance the time between using computers an studying is also a serious problem.Anyhow, we will benefit a lot from computers as long as we use them properly.IV、书信题的写作方法：
（一）信封格式：
名字、信箱、地域范围由小到大，写在右下角（与我们相反）。
（二）信纸格式：
日期：背月份的缩写
称呼（后面的标点是逗号）:Dear Sir or Madam, To whom it may concern, 正文：空4个字节或者顶格写，段与段之间空行）
签名：sincerely yours 书信写作的五点要求：
1、开门见山说意图
2、咨询/ 建议1、2、3、3、不同内容可分段
4、感谢客气不可少
5、期待回信成老套
（三）开头段：
1、告知对方你的身份（假如对方不认识你）Dear Sir/ Mr.Prometheus, I was a student at your college, enrolled in Philosophy Department./ I am a„ at your„
/ I am a „ at your college, enrolled in the„ course./ My name is„, I am„
2、问候收信人（假如他/她是你的朋友）Dear Prometheus, Hello / Hi.How are you? / I hope everything is fine./ How are things going with you? / How are you getting on in / getting along with„..?
3、解释写信的原因（1）致谢：
I deeply appreciate your courtesy and I hope to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises./ I am greatly indebted to you for(the double)you have gone to on my behalf./ Thank you for your letter about studying in Canada./ I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for„ / I would like to thank you most sincerely for„（2）抱怨：
I am writing to complain about the poor service at your dining-room./ I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with / at„ / I wish to make a complaint about„
/ I am writing to draw your attention to„./ I am afraid I have got a complaint about„.（3）致歉：
I would be grateful if you would be so kind as to provide me with certain essential information regarding the following aspects./ I am writing to you because I am unable to„./ I an terribly sorry that„./ I would like to express my apologies for not being able to„.（4）询问：
I would like to obtain /request/seek/inquire about some information about„
/ I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor./ I would like some detailed information on/about„.（四）结尾段：
1、发出请求
（1）Please give this matter your immediate attention.（2）I would very much appreciate it if„„as soon as possible.（3）Please render me some valuable advice which is conductive to my final decision.2、提供帮助
（1）I hope these„„will be helpful, and please feel free to contact me for more information.（2）„„will be taking responsibility for you and if you should need any assistance, she/he will be pleased to help you
3、再次表示歉意或感激
（1）Thank you for your kind assistance.（2）Please accept my heartfelt thanks and deepest gratitude, now and always.（3）I am sorry that I cannot„„, and trust that you will understand.（4）In addition, let me apologize for any inconvenience I may have caused.（5）I shall feel obliged by a reply at your earliest convenience.（6）Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.4、期盼回信：R.S.V.P.（1）I look forward to your prompt response.（2）Looking forward to a prompt reply,（3）I expect to hear from you very soon.（4）I hope to receive your reply shortly.（5）I am already eagerly awaiting your reply to this first letter.书信题范文：2001.6 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter.Suppose you are Zhang Ying.Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday.You should write at least 100 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese.1． 表示欢迎
2.提出度假安排的建议 3．提醒应注意的事项
A Letter to a Schoolmate June 23, 2001 Dear Xiao Wang Example I: Dear Xiao Wang, I am very happy to learn that you are going to visit me during the week-long holiday.My parents will also be happy to see you again.I am sure you will enjoy every minute here.I know you like swimming.A river lies not far away from my home.We can go swimming there.I think it would be very pleasant and refreshing to swim in such hot summer days.In every big room of my home there is an air-conditioner.We can watch TV, play VCDs or read books very comfortably
at home.A mountain about two miles away from here is beautiful and it is worth touring.We can go there on foot.When we climb to the top of the mountain, we can have a wonderful birds eye view of the whole village.Just phone me before you set off.There is no need for you to take anything.I’ll prepare everything for you.I am looking forward to seeing you soon.Yours, Zhang Yin 公文信函: 2002.1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。
January 12th, 2002 Dear Mr.President, Li Ming freshman 大一 sophomore 大二 junior 大三 senior 大四 Example II: Dear Mr.Prometheus, I am a student at your TOEFL class and I am writing to explain my absence from classes since March 11, 2001.On March 10, 2001, I was involved in a serious motor vehicle accident.I was transported to the hospital in an ambulance, where I was treated for a broken ankle, fractured collarbone, and 3 bruised ribs.My doctor advised complete bed rest for 6 weeks, and as a result, I have been unable to attend classes since March 11, 2001.I am concerned about keeping up with my studies, and have been doing the required readings, as assigned by you.My biggest concern is whether I will be able to participate the final class.Would you please advise me regarding my courses, specifically if there will be any special consideration given to me in light of my current situation? Thank you for your kind assistance.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely，Janet, Student No„ 题型总结：
对比观点选择题：4段 社会热点话题：3段 图表题： 书信题： 格言题：
描写叙述题： 完型填空 做题技巧
（一）Prep Tips for Cloze I．做题步骤：
1、通读全文，了解文章大意；文章两种模式：总分、对比；
2、初选答案（排除法、优选法）；
3、寻找线索；
4、回头补缺；
5、核实答案。
II．出题重点： 1．词语的辨析：
1）同义词； 2）反义词； 3）形近词；
形近词举例：Test 2...or down frightening hillsides to towns __87__ in deep valleys.87.A)lying B)laying C)laid D)lied 注：说谎：lie lied lied lying 躺：lie lay lain lying 放置，下蛋：lay laid laid laying 2．逻辑关系：
1）列举/种属关系：
such„as;especially;in particular;specifically;for example;for instance;likely;2）因果关系： because(for);due to;owing to;thanks to;since;for;as;for the reason that;seeing that;3）并列/递进：
besides;likewise;moreover;also;too;what’s more;apart from;except;furthermore;not noly„but also„.;in addition;4）转折/让步关系：
however;but;never the less;nonetheless;whereas;still;though;although;anyhow;anyway;in any case;yet;5）对比关系：
by contrast;in contrast;by comparison;like;as„as;on the
contrary;conversely;oppositely;„.than„.;逻辑关系举例1：Test 4 Sometimes homework is returned 76 brief written comments but without a grade.76.A)by B)in C)for D)with 逻辑关系举例2：Test 2 The United States is well-known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time.__71__ these wide modern roads are generally __72__ and well maintained, with __73__ sharp curves and many straight __74__, a direct route is not always the most _ 75__ one.71.A)Although B)Since C)Because D)Therefore 72.A)stable B)splendid C)smooth D)complicated 73.A)little B)few C)much D)many 74.A)selections B)separations C)series D)sections 75.A)terrible B)possible C)enjoyable D)profitable 3．固定结构的识别：提高阅读的速度、对于内容有合理的预期、有利于总体把握文章：
either„or„;neither„nor„;too„to„;so„that„;not„until„;hardly„when„;no sooner„than„;not only„but also„ 固定结构举例：Test 3 76 geography books focus on a small area 77 a town or city.Others deal with a state, a region, a nation.Or an 78 continent.Many geography books deal with the whole earth.Another 79 to divide the study of 80 is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography.The former focuses on the natural world;the 81 starts with human beings and 82 how human beings and their environment act 83 each other.but when geography is considered as a single subject, 84 branch can neglect the other.76.A)Some B)Many C)Most D)Few 77.A)outside B)except C)as D)like 81.A)second B)later C)next D)latter 2． 搭配：
例如：a.+ n.;ad.+ v.;take advantage of„.;make use of„.等； 3． 动词用法：
1）主谓一致； 2）时态； 3）语态； 4）非谓语动词； 4． 介词用法：
1）介词与名词； 2）介词与动词； 3）介词与形容词；
第三篇：四级高频词汇词组
1.alter v.改变，改动，变更 2.burst vi.,n.突然发生，爆裂
3.dispose vi.除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)4.blast n.爆炸；气流 vi.炸，炸掉 5.consume v.消耗，耗尽
6.split v.劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的 7.spit v.吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v.溢出，溅出，倒出 9.slip v.滑动，滑落；忽略
10.slide v.滑动，滑落 n.滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11.bacteria n.细菌
12.breed n.种，品种 v.繁殖，产仔 13.budget n.预算 v.编预算，作安排 14.candidate n.候选人 15.campus n.校园
16.liberal a.慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17.transform v.转变，变革；变换 18.transmit v.传播，播送；传递 19.transplant v.移植
20.transport vt.运输，运送 n.运输，运输工具 21.shift v.转移；转动；转变 22.vary v.变化，改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi.消灭，不见
24.swallow v.吞下，咽下 n.燕子 25.suspicion n.怀疑，疑心
26.suspicious a.怀疑的，可疑的
27.mild a.温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的 28.tender a.温柔的；脆弱的
29.nuisance n.损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物）30.insignificant a.无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的 31.accelerate vt.加速，促进
32.absolute a.绝对的，无条件的；完全的 33.boundary n.分界线，边界
34.brake n.刹车，制动器 v.刹住（车）35.catalog n.目录（册）v.编目 36.vague a.模糊的，不明确的 37.vain n.徒劳，白费
38.extinct a.绝灭的，熄灭的
39.extraordinary a.不平常的，特别的，非凡的 40.extreme a.极度的，极端的 n.极端，过分 41.agent n.代理人，代理商；动因，原因 42.alcohol n.含酒精的饮料，酒精 43.appeal n./vi.呼吁，恳求
44.appreciate vt.重视，赏识，欣赏
45.approve v.赞成，同意，批准 46.stimulate vt.刺激，激励
47.acquire vt.取得，获得；学到 48.accomplish vt.完成，到达；实行
49.network n.网状物；广播网，电视网；网络 50.tide n.潮汐；潮流 51.tidy a.整洁的，整齐的
52.trace vt.追踪，找到 n.痕迹，踪迹 53.torture n./vt.拷打，折磨 54.wander vi.漫游，闲逛 55.wax n.蜡
56.weave v.织，编
57.preserve v.保护，保存，保持，维持 61.abuse v.滥用，虐待；谩骂
62.academic a.学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 63.academy n.（高等）专科院校；学会 64.battery n.电池（组）65.barrier n.障碍；棚栏
66.cargo n.（船、飞机等装载的）货物 67.career n.生涯，职业
68.vessel n.船舶；容器，器皿；血管 69.vertical a.垂直的
70.oblige v.迫使，责成；使感激 71.obscure a.阴暗，模糊
72.extent n.程度，范围，大小，限度
73.exterior n.外部，外表 a.外部的，外表的 74.external a.外部的，外表的，外面的 75.petrol n.汽油 76.petroleum n.石油
77.delay vt./n.推迟，延误，耽搁 78.decay vi.腐烂，腐朽 79.decent a.像样的，体面的 80.route n.路；路线；航线
81.ruin v.毁坏，破坏 n.毁灭，[pl.]废墟 82.sake n.缘故，理由 83.satellite n.卫星
84.scale n.大小，规模；等级；刻度 85.temple n.庙宇
86.tedious a.乏味道，单调的，87.tend vi.易于，趋向 88.tendency n.趋向，趋势
89.ultimate a.极端的，最大的，最终的 n.极端 90.undergo v.经历，遭受
91.abundant a.丰富的，充裕的，大量的
92.adopt v.收养；采用；采纳
93.adapt vi.适应，适合；改编，改写 vt.使适应 94.bachelor n.学士，学士学位；单身汉
95.casual a.偶然的，碰巧的；临时的；非正式的 96.trap n.陷阱，圈套 v.设陷阱捕捉 97.vacant a.空的，未占用的 98.vacuum n.真空，真空吸尘器 99.oral a.口头的，口述的，口的 100.optics n.（单、复数同形）光学 101.organ n.器官，风琴
102.excess n.过分，过量，过剩 103.expel v.驱逐，开除，赶出 104.expend v.消费
105.expenditure n.支出，消费；经费 106.expense n.开销，费用
107.expensive a.花钱多的；价格高贵的 108.expand v.扩大，扩张；展开，膨胀 109.expansion n.扩大，扩充；发展，膨胀 110.private a.私人的，个人的
111.individual a.个别的，单独的 n.个人，个体 112.personal a.个人的，私人的；亲自的 114.personnel n.[总称]人员，员工；人事部门 115.the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 116.the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 117.the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 118.the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋 119.grant vt.授予，同意，准予
119.grand a.宏伟大，壮丽的，重大的 120.invade v.侵入，侵略，侵袭
121.acid n.酸，酸性物质 a.酸的；尖刻的 122.acknowledge v.承认；致谢 123.balcony n.阳台
124.calculate vt.计算，核算 125.calendar n.日历，月历 126.optimistic a.乐观
127.optional a.可以任选的，非强制的
128.outstanding a.杰出的，突出的，显著的 129.export n.出口（物）v.出口，输出 130.import n.进口（物）v.进口，输入 131.impose vt.把...加强(on)；采用，利用 132.religion n.宗教，宗教信仰 133.religious a.宗教的
134.victim n.牺牲品，受害者
135.video n.电视，视频 a.电视的，录像的
136.videotape n.录像磁带 v.把...录在录像带上 137.offend v.冒犯，触犯 138.bother v.打搅，麻烦
139.interfere v.干涉，干扰，妨碍 140.internal a.内部的，国内的 141.beforehand ad.预先，事先 142.racial a.人种的种族的 143.radiation n.放射物，辐射 144.radical a.根本的；激进的
145.range n.幅度，范围 v.（在某范围内）变动 146.wonder n.惊奇，奇迹 v.想知道，对...感到疑惑 147.isolate vt.使隔离，使孤立 148.issue n.问题，争论点；发行，（报刊）一期 149.hollow a.空的，中空的，空虚道 150.hook n.钩 vt.钩住
151.adequate a.适当地；足够
152.adhere vi.粘附，附着；遵守，坚持 153.ban vt.取缔，禁止 154.capture vt.俘虏，捕获
155.valid a.有效的，有根据的；正当的 156.valley n.山谷，峡谷
157.consistent a.坚固定；一致的，始终如一的 158.continuous a.继续的，连续（不断）的 159.continual a.不断地，频繁的 160.explode v.爆炸；爆发；激增 161.exploit v.剥削；利用，开采 162.explore v.勘探
163.explosion n.爆炸；爆发；激增
164.explosive a.爆炸的；极易引起争论的 165.remote a.遥远的，偏僻的 166.removal n.除去，消除 167.render vt.使得，致使
167.render 解释比较长，可要仔细体会啊！
1)render sth(for sth)；render sth(to sb)give sth in return,or exchange,or as sth which is due 给予某物作为报偿或用以交换；回报；归还render homage,obedience,allegiance,etc.表示敬意、顺从、效忠等：a reward for services rendered 服务的酬金render good for evil 以德报怨render insult for insult 以侮辱对侮辱render sb a service/render a service to sb 为某人服务render help to disaster victims 向灾民提供援助render thanks to God 感谢上帝 2)present or send in(an account)for payment 递交或开出（帐单）：account rendered 开出50美元的帐单
3)cause(sb/sth)to be in a certain condition 使（某人[某事物]）处于某种状况：rendered helpless by an accident 因出事故而束手无策Your action had rendered our contract invalid.你们的这种做法导致双方的合同失败。
4)[esp passive 尤用于被动语态] give a performance of(music,a play,a character.etc);give a portrayal of(sb/sth)in painting,etc.演奏（音乐）；演出（戏剧）；扮演（角色）；以绘画等表现（某人[某物]）：The piano solo was well rendered.那支钢琴独奏曲弹得真好。“Othello” was rendered rather poorly.《奥赛罗》这出戏演得不好。The artist had rendered her gentle smile perfectly.该艺术家把她那温柔的笑容表现得惟妙惟肖。
5)render sth(into sth)express sth in another language;translate sth.翻译某事物：How would you render “bon voyage”(into English)? “bon voyage”怎么翻译（成英语）？Rendering poetry into other language is difficult.翻译诗歌是很困难的。6)cover(stone or brick)with a first layer of plaster 在（石或砖）上抹灰泥打底：render walls 在墙上抹底灰
7)（习语）render an account of oneself, one“s behaviour, etc explain or justify what one has said,done,etc.为自己的言行等作解释或辩护.8)render sth down： make(eg fat,lard)liquid by heating it;melt sth down 将（脂肪、猪油等）熬成油；熔化某物。render sth up：hand over or surrender sth;yield sth.移交或交出某物；放弃某事物：render up a fort, town, etc to the enemy 放弃要塞、城市等被敌人占领(fig比喻)He rendered up his soul to God, ie died.他魂归天国了
168.precaution n.预防，防备，警惕 169.idle a.懒散的，无所事事的 170.identify vt.认出，鉴定
171.identify n.身份；个性，特性 172.poverty n.贫穷
173.resistant a.(to)抵抗的，抗...的，耐...的 174.resolve vt.解决；决定，决意 175.barrel n.桶
176.bargain n.便宜货 vi.讨价还价 177.coarse a.粗的，粗糙的，粗劣的 178.coach n.教练；长途公共汽车 179.code n.准则，法规，密码 180.coil n.线圈 v.卷，盘绕
181.adult n.成年人
182.advertise v.为...做广告 183.advertisement n.广告
184.agency n.代理商，经销商
185.focus v.（使）聚集 n.焦点，中心，聚焦 186.forbid vt.不许，禁止 187.debate n./v.辩论，争论 188.debt n.欠债 189.decade n.十年
190.enclose vt.围住；把...装入信封 191.encounter vt./n.遭遇，遭到 192.globe n.地球，世界；地球仪 193.global a.全球的；总的 194.scan vt.细看；扫描；浏览
195.scandal n.丑事，丑闻
196.significance n.意义；重要性 197.subsequent a.随后的，后来的 198.virtue n.美德，优点
199.virtual a.实际上的，事实上的
200.orient vt.使适应，(to,toward)使朝向 n.东方
英语四级常用短语汇总
a series of 一系列,一连串 above all 首先,尤其是
after all 毕竟,究竟 ahead of 在...之前
ahead of time 提前 all at once 突然,同时
all but 几乎;除了...都 all of a sudden 突然
all over 遍及
all over again 再一次,重新
all the time 一直,始终
all the same 仍然,照样的as regards 关于,至于 anything but 根本不
as a matter of fact 实际上 apart from 除...外(有/无)
as a rule 通常,照例
as a result(of)因此,由于
as far as...be concerned 就...而言 as far as 远至,到...程度
as for 至于,关于 as follows 如下
as if 好像,仿怫
as good as 和...几乎一样
as usual 像平常一样,照例 as to 至于,关于
all right 令人满意的;可以 as well 同样,也,还
as well as 除...外(也),即...又 aside from 除...外(还有)
at a loss 茫然,不知所措 at a time 一次,每次
at all 丝毫(不),一点也不
at all costs 不惜一切代价
at all events 不管怎样,无论如何 at all times 随时,总是
at any rate 无论如何,至少 at best 充其量,至多
at first 最初,起先
at first sight 乍一看,初看起来
at hand 在手边,在附近at heart 内心里,本质上
at home 在家,在国内 at intervals 不时,每隔...at large 大多数,未被捕获的 at least 至少
at last 终于
at length 最终,终于
at most 至多,不超过 at no time 从不,决不
by accident 偶然
at one time 曾经,一度;同时
at present 目前,现在
at sb”s disposal 任...处理
at the cost of 以...为代价 at the mercy of 任凭...摆布
at the moment 此刻,目前 at this rate 照此速度 at times 有时,间或
back and forth 来回地,反复地 back of 在...后面
before long 不久以后
beside point 离题的,不相干的beyond question 毫无疑问 by air 通过航空途径
by all means 尽一切办法,务必 by and by 不久,迟早
by chance 偶然,碰巧 by far 最,...得多
by hand 用手,用体力
by iteslf 自动地,独自地
by means of 用,依靠
by mistake 错误地,无意地
by no means 决不,并没有 by oneself 单独地,独自地
by reson of 由于
by the way 顺便说说
by virtue of 借助,由于
by way of 经由,通过...方法
due to 由于,因为
each other 互相
even if/though 即使,虽然 ever so 非常,极其
every now and then 时而,偶尔 every other 每隔一个的except for 除了...外
face to face 面对面地
far from 远非,远离 for ever 永远
for good 永久地
for the better 好转
for the moment 暂时,目前 for the present 暂时,目前
for the sake of 为了,为了...的利益 for the time being 暂时,眼下
from time to time 有时,不时
hand in hand 手拉手 ,密切关联
head on 迎面地,正面的
heart and soul 全心全意地
how about...怎么样 in a hurry 匆忙,急于
in case of 假如,防备
in a moment 立刻,一会儿
in a sense 从某种意义上说 in a way 在某种程度上
in a word 简言之,总之
in accordance with 与...一致,按照
in addition 另外,加之
in addition to 除...之外(还)
in advance 预先,事先 in all 总共,合计
in any case 无论如何 in any event 无论如何
in brief 简单地说
in charge of 负责,总管
in common 共用的,共有的
in consequence(of)因此;由于
in debt 欠债,欠情 in detail 详细地
in difficulty 处境困难 in effect 实际上,事实上
in general 一般来说,大体上 in favour of 支持,赞成in front of 面对,在...前
in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in
half 成两半
hand 在进行中,待办理
honour of 为庆祝,为纪念
itself 本质上,就其本身而言 line with 与...一致
memory of 纪念 no case 决不
no time 立即,马上 no way 决不
order 按顺序,按次序
other words 换句话说
part 部分地
particular 特别,尤其
person 亲自,本人
place 在合适的位置
place of 代替,取代,交换 practice 在实践中,实际上
proportion to 与...成比例 public 公开地,当众
quantity 大量
question 正在谈论的regard to 关于,至于 relation to 关于,涉及
return 作为报答/回报/交换 return for 作为对...报答
short 简言之,总之 sight 被见到;在望
spite of 尽管 step 齐步,合拍
step with 与...一致/协调 tears 流着泪,在哭着
the course of 在...期间/过程中 the distance 在远处
the end 最后,终于
the event of 如果...发生,万一
the face of 即使;在...面前 the first place 首先
the future 在未来 the least 丝毫,一点
(the)light of 鉴于,由于 the way 挡道
the world 究竟,到底 time 及时
touch 联系,接触
in turn 依次,轮流;转而
in vain 徒劳,白费力
instead of 代替,而不是
just now 眼下;刚才
little by little 逐渐地
lots of 许多 many a 许多
more or less 或多或少,有点 next door 隔壁的,在隔壁
no doubt 无疑地
no less than 不少于...;不亚于...no longer 不再 no more 不再
no more than 至多,同...一样不 none other than 不是别的,正是
on one“s guard 警惕,提防 nothing but 只有,只不过
now and then 时而,偶尔
off and on 断断续续,间歇地
off duty 下班
on a large/small scale 大/小规模地
on account of 由于
on(an/the)average平均,通常
on behalf of 代表
on board 在船(车/飞机)上
on business 因公
on condition that 如果
on duty 上班,值班 on earth 究竟,到底
on fire 起火着火 on foot 步行，on guard 站岗,值班
on hand 在场,在手边
on occasion(s)有时,间或
on one”s own 独立,独自 on purpose 故意地
on sale 出售,廉价出售
on schedule 按时间表,准时
on second thoughts 经重新考虑
on the contrary 正相反
on the grounds of 根据,以...为由
on(the)one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面
on the point of 即将...的时刻
on the road 在旅途中
on the side 作为兼职/副 业 on the spot 在场;马上
on the whole 总的来说,大体上 on time 准时
once again 再一次
once(and)for all 一劳永逸地
once in a while 偶尔 once more 再一次
once upon a time 从前 one another 相互
or else 否则,要不然 or so 大约,左右
other than 非;除了
out of 从...中;由于;缺乏
out of burath 喘不过气来 out of control 失去控制
out of date 过时的 out of doors 在户外
out of order 出故障的
out of place 不适当的 out
of practice 久不练习,荒疏
out of sight 看不见,在视野外
out of the question 毫无可能的 out of touch 不联系,不接触
over and over(again)一再地,再三地 prior at 在...之前
quite a few 相当多,不少 rather than 不是...(而是)
regardless of 不顾,不惜 right away 立即,马上
side by side 肩并肩,一起 so far 迄今为止
sooner or later 迟早,早晚 step by step 逐步地
such as 例如,诸如 thanks to 由于,多亏
that is(to say)就是说,即 to the point 切中要害,切题
under control 处于控制之下
under the circumstances 这种情况下
up to date 在进行中
up to 多达;直到;胜任;取决于
what if 切合目前情况的
what about 怎么样
with respect to 如果...将怎么样 with regard to 关于,至于
without question 关于,至于, word for word 逐字的
with the exception of 除...之外
without question 毫无疑问
第四篇：aduxkqz英_语四级短文听力技巧
、|
!_ 一个人总要走陌生的路，看陌生的风景，听陌生的歌，然后在某个不经意的瞬间，你会发现，原本费尽心机想要忘记的事情真的就这么忘记了..英语四级短文听力技巧
短文听力是四级听力考试中较难的一种题型，考生需要较高的听力理解能力。英语的听、说、读、写、译五个方面密不可分，听力能力的训练应和其他几个方面的训练结合起来进行。
一、命题特点
四级考试短文听力的命题特点主要包括：
1.形似阅读理解，难度相差悬殊。听力短文在形式上与阅读理解基本相同，都是根据材料所包含的信息回答后面提出的问题，但听力短文材料的难度比阅读理解小得多，只相当于一般的口语材料。因此考生完全没有必要被其外在形式吓倒。
2.短文播放时间固定，但有弹性时间可利用。虽然短文播放的时间及回答问题的时间是固定的，但播放听力录音之前有大约90秒的试音时间，且在播放短文之前要播放本题的指令部分（directions），这些时间都是可以利用的。
3.短文体裁较为固定，为做出正确判断提供了语境依据。听力短文多为说明文或叙述性小故事，材料较为通俗易懂，这使提前根据所给选项推断材料内容成为可能。
4.选项已知，可作为推断短文内容的依据。虽然材料的内容只播放一遍，但每小题的选项是提前给定的，考生可以根据选项所提供的信息，利用前面提到的弹性时间进行推断，为充分获取短文信息创造更加有利的条件。
5.各小题类型相对固定，有助于总结答题规律。多年来听力短文的试题类型是相对固定的，主要包括细节题、推断题、态度题、数字题、主旨题等。这给我们正确解题提供了启发和思路。
二、应试技巧
结合听力短文的命题特点，我们可总结出如下解题步骤：
首先，浏览已知选项，推断问题的内容和短文大意。在播放短文之前，我们可以利用弹性时间浏览各小题选项，推断短文的体裁和大致内容，为播放短文时充分获取信息做准备。另外，也可据此推断问题的类型甚至内容以便听录音时更有针对性。
其次，手眼脑并用，记录关键信息。播放短文录音期间要听记兼顾，以听为主。一篇短文就是一个信息群，完全靠大脑记忆所有的信息往往是很困难的。因此我们应该把获取的主要信息有选择性地记录下来，特别是有关细节，为做出正确选择做准备。需要特别注意的是这时“听”应该是第一位的，千万不要因为记录前面的信息而漏听后面的信息。
再次，针对不同题型采取相应的解题技巧。在播放问题时，考生要综合利用各种解题技巧做出正确选择。
1.细节题。细节题出题点无处不在，但这并不是说无规律可循。细节题的答案往往由first，most，because，in any case，as a matter of fact等副词或副词短语引出，考生在听短文时，除了要尽量听懂所有细节外，一定要更加留意这些词后面的相关信息。
2.推断题。多数推断题与每段的大意或短文的中心思想有关系，因此在听短文录音时我们一定要注意文章中间和结尾总结性的话，特别是每部分的最后一句话。我们对这些话加以分析，往往不难找到正确的答案。
3.态度题。态度题的选项往往是四个形容词，所以考生在播放短文录音之前判断出有态度题，在听录音时就应特别留心fortunately, luckily, unfortunately等这样的具感情色彩的可以反映出speaker的态度的词。speaker对于谈论的对象可能有双向评论，如果听不出speaker的态度方向，建议同学们选正面态度的，因为反驳的文章往往更为复杂。
4.数字题。数字题一般涉及时间、数量、年代等等。如果事先判断出有数字题，在听短文录音时就要特别留意相关数字并尽可能地记下来。而且对于Section B的解题对策要与Section A完全要反过来，即听到哪个数字就要选哪个数字，这里的数字不考运算。
5.主旨题。对于主旨题，我们可以从三方面来把握：一是从选项入手。选项中出现的多次重复的词一定是中心词（key word）。二是从短文入手，要特别注意文章的两头，尤其是文章的开头的两个句子最重要，很有可能成为主旨题的考点，具体需要听的是文章开头的名词。选答案时要优先选含有该名词的选项。三是从短文后面的问题入手，这样也可以提供中心词的线索。大多数的考题都问及的词一定就是此段的中心词。
最后，认真检验核对，不允许任何由于疏忽造成的失误。
把握命题特点和解题技巧固然重要，但这些都是“应急”措施，平时掌握扎实的基础知识，练就基本技能才是解题之根本。忽略平时的基本功训练片面追求所谓的解题技巧只能是舍本逐末。
三、解题技巧
（一）、不听而猜
适用于根本一点也听不懂的题、四个选项中：有唯一的一个结构比较复杂的选项，就是它；若有两个选项结构都比较复杂，那么含有从句（宾语从句多见）、并列或因果关系的句子优先选择。
2、四个选项的结构都比较简单的话，优先选择有更多修饰词的，机率更大一些。
3、四个选项中有特殊词的选项，例如：maybe、various、possible、variety、effect等（或者一些常考的高频词汇）则可能性比较大。
以上是“不听而猜”，其实选择题这种题型是鼓励大家去猜的，就算你什么也不会还有1/4的机会，掌握这些技巧尽量提高命中的机率，可达到百分之60~70的命中率！
（二）、根据听到的部分来猜 适用于大部分的考生，因为大部分的学生都是可以听到或者是听懂部分的单词乃至句子，但是连贯不起来，整个段落的意思还是不清楚，就可以使用这种技巧。
1、四个选项中只有一个单词听的懂，那就是答案。
2、四个选项中有两个选项都听到了，哪一个听到的更多些，哪个就是答案（这与对话部分技巧正好相反），也包括同义词的转换；
但是如果听到的部分与选项的含义明显不符，尤其是相反，比如选项是肯定的，而听到的是否定的，不可选，应用其它技巧；
集中听到的选项优先，这就是说比如你听到了3个单词，两个集中在一个选项中，那么选这个的可能性大。
3、四个选项有3个甚至4个都听到了，则根据题的位置和顺序来答题：
题的位置指的是第几题，是段落开头的，中间的，还是最后的，听到的顺序指的是先听到A还是B还是C还是D，将它们排一个表，例如： 11.(开头的)A 3 B 1 C 2 D 4 11题是开头的题,而且你先听到的是B,那么答案就是B;12.(中间的)A 3 B 1 C 2 D 4 12题是中间的题,那么你就不能选先听到的B和后听到的D,要在A和C中选一个;13.(最后的)A 3 B 1 C 2 D 4 13题是最后的题,而你最后听到的是D,理所当然选则D。
（三）、听力题中注意连接词：but、unfortunately、because
听力备考训练技巧
一般说来，短文听力备考训练必须抓住竖听和横听两点结合来进行。所谓竖听，是指一套题目从头听到尾，从第一题听到最后一题。所谓横听，是指把相同题材和体裁的文章放在一块对照比较着听，从而迅速抓住同类型文章的规律，真正做到以不变应万变。
例如，有关人物传记的文章在近几年的考题中共出现过两篇，1999年1月的passage1和1996年1月的passage1，把这两篇文章放在一起听，可以发现这类型文章都以介绍式写法开头，将记叙人物的姓名、出生年月、出生地点以及社会评价置于开头，以引起注意。这些内容往往会考到。而文章结尾部分则通常会提到该人物的重大成绩，评论其功过是非。文章一般用记叙的语言讲述人物的经历，较少有情节的描写或人物对话。通过这样反复对比听，可以使我们很快掌握人物传记题材文章的模式和考题思路，在短时间内抓住考点，做到举一反三。
笔者在此提供一套具体的短文听力训练办法：
考生可以在历年考题中选取10-20篇不同题材和不同体裁的文章，依据以下几个步骤，横竖结合来进行精听训练。
Step 1：第一遍听磁带时认真做题，对所选取的每段文章都认真仔细，注意时间，模拟考场氛围。做完以后还需注意统计对错个数，并分析选项设置特点，练习快速扫描选项的能力。
Step 2：脱离文字材料再听4-5遍磁带。此时绝对不允许照着文字材料听，应该反复使用录音机上的重复键，尽最大努力听懂全文内容。听第5遍或第6遍的时候，可以一边听一边将全文笔录下来，然后对照文字材料，看看笔录有什么问题，分析听不懂的原因，是语音、词汇还是语法？然后有的放矢地加以解决。
Step 3：在足够熟悉此段落中的内容后，打开文字材料，一边听录音一边看，并在段落中相应考点和问题答案，仔细体会，分析自己为什么被某些干扰项误导。
Step 4：跟着磁带大声朗读，以提高自己的语速。如果自己的语速能基本跟上听力材料的语速，再做同类型题目，困难就不大了。
另外，练习过程中有一些事项值得我们注意，请大家养成良好的习惯，尽量避免： 1.鸵鸟式听法。很多同学听力过程中没有动手的习惯，听就是听，在做题时才努力回忆与该题有关的信息。甚至有同学喜欢闭着眼睛听或者把头低下来，伏在桌子上听，并认为这样注意力更集中，但这样往往容易走神，听的效率非常低。
2.多而不精。对于已经听过的材料，很多同学都很少再听，这是一个错误的观念。片面追求练习的量，并不能有效提高做听力题时的悟性，必须用心去感受才能收到显著的效果。3.不愿对着文字材料大声朗读，认为听力就是听力，没有必要和朗读口语联系起来。其实听力考的是口头语言，口语提高了，听力也就自然而然上去了。同时朗读可以培养正确的语音语调，可以加强我们对文章的领悟力。
4.训练时间安排不得当。听力训练需要思想高度集中，故时间安排以每天精神最佳时候为宜。时间不宜过长,每次连续听半小时到一小时就可。另外，由于听力是一种习惯成自然的技巧训练，所以最好每天安排一段时间，切忌三天打鱼，两天晒网。
总之，四级短文听力并不可怕，如果我们能够宏观把握，平时坚持“用心去听”，我们肯定能够从不同角度、不同层次提高自己的英语语言能力
第五篇：四级作文必备词组50个
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四级作文必备词组50个
1.at the thought of一想到…
2.as a whole(=in general)就整体而论
3.at will 随心所欲
4.(be)abundant in(be rich in;be well supplied with)富于，富有
5.access(to)(不可数名词)能接近，进入，了解
6.Without accident(=safely)安全地
7.of one's own accord(=without being asked;willingly;freely)自愿地 ,主动地
8.in accord with 与…一致.out of one's accord with 同…不一致
9.with one accord(=with everybody agreeing)一致地
10.in accordance with(=in agreement with)依照，根据
11.on one's own account
1)为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益
2)(=at one's own risk)自行负责
3)(=by oneself)依靠自己
12.take…into account(=consider)把.....考虑进去
13.give sb.an account of 说明，解释(理由)
14.account for(=give an explanation or reason for)解释，说明
15.on account of(=because of)由于，因为
16.on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)
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17.accuse…of…(=charge…with;blame sb.for sth.;blame sth.on sb.;complain about)指控，控告
18.be accustomed to(=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于
19.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解;(=to have met socially)熟悉
20.act on 奉行，按照…行动;
act as 扮演;
act for 代理
21.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于
22.adapt…(for)(=make sth.suitable for a new need)改编，改写(以适应新的需要)
23.in addition(=besides)此外，又，加之
24.in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外
25.adhere to(=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief)粘附;坚持，遵循
26.adjacent(=next to, close to)毗邻的，临近的
27.adjust..(to)(=change slightly)调节;适应;
28.admit of(=be capable of, leave room for)…的可能，留有…的余地
29.in advance(before in time)预告，事先
30.to advantage 有利的，使优点更加突出地
31.have an advantage over 胜过
have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件
have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事
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32.take advantage of(=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用
33.agree with 赞同(某人意见)agree to 同意
34.in agreement(with)同意，一致
35.ahead of 在…之前，超过…;ahead of time 提前
36.in the air 1)在空中，悬而未决 2)在流传中
37.above all(=especially, most important of all)尤其是，最重要的
38.in all(=counting everyone or everything, altogether)总共，总计
39.after all 毕竟，到底;
1)(not)at all 一点也不;
2)all at once(=suddenly)突然;
3)once and for all 只此一次;
4)above all 最重要的;
5)first of all 首先;
6)all in all 大体上说;
7)be all in 累极了;
8)all but 几乎
40.allow for(=take into consideration, take into account)考虑到，估计到
41.amount to(=to be equal to)总计，等于
42.answer for(undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for)对…负责
43.answer to(=conform to)适合，符合
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44.be anxious about 为…焦急不安
45.apologize to sb.for sth.为…向…道歉
46.appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁
appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力
47.apply to sb.for sth.为…向…申请;
apply for申请;
48.apply to 与…有关;适用
49.approve of(=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)赞成
50.arise from(=be caused by)由…引起
1.Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....英语四级作文万能句85句
1.随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。
2.As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)
3.As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....随着社会的发展，人们开始关注............4.People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting
求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
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5.As to whether it is worthwhile....., there is a long-running controversial debate.It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it..关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。
http://6.In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。
7.Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。
8.The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。
9.......plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?“
_______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：”我们该如何抉择?“
10.Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges，现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代
11.People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
12.The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。
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13.When asked..., some people think.....while some prefer...说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。
14.Just as the saying goes: ”so many people, so many minds“.It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，”"。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
15.To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。
16.There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。
17.When it comes to..., most people believe that..., but other people regard...as …..提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.18.When faced with...., quite a few people claim that...., but other people think as...提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。
19.There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of....There who criticize..argue that...., they believe that...,but people who favor.., on the other hand, argue that...目前，_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______，他们认为_______，不过，另一方面，赞同_______的人则认为_________。
20.Some people are of the opinion that..有些人认为_____________。
21.Many people claim that...很多人认为_____________。
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22.Some people contend that...has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages)
有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。
23.Those who argue for...say that...economic development of the cities.觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。
24.Some people advocate that....有些人在坚持认为_________。
25.They hold that...他们认为_________。
26.People, who advocate that..., have their sound reasons(grounds)
坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据)。
27.Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
28.Those who strongly approve of...have cogent reasons for it.强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
29.Many people would claim that...有人会认为___________。
30.People who support...give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。
31.But others hold the view that...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。
http://cet46.wendu.com/
32.But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,.不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
33.But people who are..., on the other hand , maintain that...不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。
34.However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。问题用词：Issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。
35.However, some others argue that...然而，另一些人则认为_________。
36.However, there are also some others who contend that...然而，也有人认为__________
37.But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
38.Some people examine this issue from another angle.有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
39.On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly...另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。
40.According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer...rather than...根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。
41.Personally, I side with the latter(former)opinion...就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者)___________。
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42.Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。
43.To my point of view
我认为
44.To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)
我认为，优点胜过缺点。
45.For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。
46.As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
47.After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that...经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即________________________。
48.If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。
49.I have nothing against something.But …
我并不反对某事，但…
50.I think it’s time we put a stop to something.我认为是我们停止某事的时候了。(it’s time(that)后的从句要用虚拟，既(should)+动词原形)
51.I find the statement of … to be too narrow.我觉得…的观点过于狭隘。
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52.I can tell you from experience that …
凭我的经验可以告诉你…
53.Personally, I am standing on the side of …
就个人而言，我站在…的一边。
54.Although doing something might seem a wild idea, I believe that … 虽然做某事似乎狂妄，但我相信…
55.At an individual level, I feel that …
从我个人的角度出发，我觉得…
56.I sincerely believe that …
我真诚地相信…
57.But for me, I would rather think of the matter in an(optimistic)way.至于我，我宁愿以乐观的态度来看待这一问题。
58.But I do not think that this view can hold water.但我并不认为这一观点能站得住脚。
59.It is not half so important to do something as it is to do something.和做某事相比，做某事的重要性连一半都不及。
60.There are some people who hold that ….And on the other hand, there are some other people whoargue that….Both opinions are very popular….But I cannot accept either view.有一些人认为…，然而还有另外一些人认为…。上述两种观点都很流行，但我两种观点都不能接受。
61.Although many people(believe)that …, I doubt whether the(argument)bears further(analysis).虽然有许多人相信…，但我怀疑这个论点能否经得起进一步的推敲。
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62.In my opinion, it is more advisable to do something than to do something.在我看来，做…比做…更明智。
63.In the nationwide discussion, many people suggest that ….But I argue that …
在全国范围内的讨论中，许多人提出…。但我却认为…(该句suggest引导的从句应用虚拟。)
64.As opposed to widely held belief, I believe that …
与普遍接受的看法不同，我认为…
65.From a personal perspective, I also prefer to …
从个人的角度来看，我也喜欢…
66.Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why I would choose to …
最后，坦白地讲，我选择…还有一个更为现实的原因。(励志天下 励志天下_励志名言警句)
67.Some people think that ….To be frank, I cannot agree with their opinion for the reasons below.一些人认为…，坦白地讲，我不赞同他们的观点，理由如下：
68.The situation is not rare.It is one of many examples I have encountered.这种情景并不少见，它也是我遇到的许多情况之一。
69.37)There is another reason why I cast my preference for … 我倾向于…还有另外一个原因。
70.As for me, I am on the latter part of the argument.The reasons are as follows.至于我，我支持争论的后半部分。原因如下：
71.From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来，支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理。
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72.The following reasons can account for my inclination.如下的原因可解释我的倾向。
73.To make myself as plain as I can, I should give my standards for …
为使我的观点更加清楚，我给出我关于…的标准。
74.I disbelieve, and therefore strongly resent, the claim that …
我不相信，因此强烈反对，这一主张，即…
75.My final and perhaps my best reason for not doing something is …
我不做某事最终的，或许最好的理由是…
76.For the same reason, it matters to me that …
同样原因，我很在乎…
77.For these reason, I recommend that …
出于这些原因，我推荐/建议…(recommend做建议讲时，接从句要用虚拟，即谓语用(should)+动词原形)
78.My answer is that ….I have several reasons, and they’re good ones.The first is the one that …
我的回答是…。我有几个理由而且它们是很充分的理由。第一个是…
79.My view is that …
我的观点是…
80.Like almost everybody else, I believe that …
正如几乎所有人一样，我相信…
81.I just don’t get excited over the idea of …
我对…主张并不感到激动。
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82.I’m not entirely convinced of …
我并不完全信服…
83.I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …
我无法完全同意这一观点…
84.I’m not suggesting that …
我并不是建议…(该句中suggest做建议讲要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形)
85.I do not choose to … merely because I feel that …
我没有选择…知识因为我觉得…
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